<h2><span><span><span>Should</span></span></span><span> </span></h2>
<p><span><span><span>"Should" is most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice. It can also be used to express obligation as well as expectation.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span>Examples:</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span><span>When you go to Berlin, you</span></span><span><span> </span></span><strong><span><span>should</span></span></strong><span><span> </span></span><span><span>visit the palaces in Potsdam.</span></span><span><span> </span></span><em><span><span>recommendation</span></span></em></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span><span>You</span></span><span><span> </span></span><strong><span><span>should</span></span></strong><span><span> </span></span><span><span>focus more on your family and less on work.</span></span><span><span> </span></span><em><span><span>advice</span></span></em></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span><span>I really</span></span><span><span> </span></span><strong><span><span>should</span></span></strong><span><span> </span></span><span><span>be in the office by 7:00 AM.</span></span><span><span> </span></span><em><span><span>obligation</span></span></em></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span><span>By now, they</span></span><span><span> </span></span><strong><span><span>should</span></span></strong><span><span> </span></span><span><span>already be in Dubai.</span></span><span><span> </span></span><em><span><span>expectation</span></span></em>  </p>
</li>
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<p><span><span><span>Modal Use</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span>Positive Forms<br />1. = Present   </span></span></p>
<p><span><span>2. = Past   </span></span></p>
<p><span><span>3. = Future</span></span></p>
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<p><span><span>Negative Forms<br />1. = Present   </span></span></p>
<p><span><span>2. = Past   </span></span></p>
<p><span><span>3. = Future</span></span></p>
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<p><span><span>Also use:</span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>should</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span><em><span><span><span><strong>recommendation,</strong></span></span></span></em></p>
<p><em><span><span><span><span><strong>advisability</strong></span></span></span></span></em></p>
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<p><span><span><span>1. People with high cholesterol should eat low-fat foods.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>2. Frank should have eaten low-fat foods. That might have prevented his heart attack.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>3. You really should start eating better.</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>1. Sarah shouldn't smoke so much. It's not good for her health.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>2. Sarah shouldn't have smoked so much. That's what caused her health problems.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>3. Sarah shouldn't smoke when she visits Martha next week. Martha hates when people smoke in her house.</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>ought to</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>should</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span><em><span><span><span>obligation</span></span></span></em></p>
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<p><span><span><span>I should be at work before 9:00.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>We should return the video before the video rental store closes.</span></span></span></p>
<p><em><span><span><span>"Should" can also express something between recommendation and obligation. "Be supposed to" expresses a similar idea and can easily be used in the past or in negative forms.</span></span></span></em></p>
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<p><span> <span><span>NO NEGATIVE FORMS</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>be supposed to</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>should</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span><em><span><span><span>expectation</span></span></span></em></p>
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<p><span><span><span>1. Susan should be in New York by now. </span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>2. Susan should have arrived in New York last week. Let's call her and see what she is up to.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>3. Susan should be in New York by next week. Her new job starts on Monday.</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>1. Susan shouldn't be in New York yet.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>2. Susan shouldn't have arrived in New York until yesterday.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>3. Susan shouldn't arrive in New York until next week.</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span><span><span>ought to,</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><br />be supposed to</span></span></span></p>
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